douyin-crawler-poc/Douyin.py

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"""
使用 DrissionPage 监听抖音作品列表接口,并批量下载视频。
运行示例:
python3 Douyin.py "https://www.douyin.com/user/xxx?from_tab_name=main"
依赖:
pip install requests DrissionPage
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import argparse
import json
import re
import socket
import sys
import time
from dataclasses import dataclass
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any
DEFAULT_USER_URL = (
"https://www.douyin.com/user/"
"MS4wLjABAAAAx7--dRYA0mPwhwvxNJ-35i6sB8d1Kv4Sj1WmugquqiHK19QYlB18Ikx6cECT1RVO"
"?from_tab_name=main"
)
DEFAULT_BROWSER_PORT = 9223
LISTEN_TARGET = "web/aweme/post/"
SINGLE_VIDEO_LISTEN_TARGET = "web/aweme/detail/"
INVALID_FILENAME_CHARS = re.compile(r'[\\/:*?"<>|\r\n\t]')
RECOMMENDATION_URL_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^https?://www\.douyin\.com/?(?:\?.*)?$")
CREATOR_URL_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^https?://www\.douyin\.com/user/[^/?#]+(?:\?.*)?$")
VIDEO_URL_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^https?://www\.douyin\.com/video/(?P<aweme_id>\d+)(?:[/?#].*)?$")
AWEME_ID_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^\d{5,}$")
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ResolvedTarget:
kind: str
value: str
source: str
aweme_id: str | None = None
def sanitize_filename(value: str, fallback: str = "untitled") -> str:
cleaned = INVALID_FILENAME_CHARS.sub("_", value).strip(" ._")
return cleaned or fallback
def is_recommendation_url(value: str) -> bool:
return bool(RECOMMENDATION_URL_PATTERN.match(value.strip()))
def is_creator_url(value: str) -> bool:
return bool(CREATOR_URL_PATTERN.match(value.strip()))
def is_video_url(value: str) -> bool:
return bool(VIDEO_URL_PATTERN.match(value.strip()))
def is_aweme_id(value: str) -> bool:
return bool(AWEME_ID_PATTERN.match(value.strip()))
def extract_aweme_id_from_video_url(value: str) -> str:
match = VIDEO_URL_PATTERN.match(value.strip())
if match is None:
raise ValueError("不是合法的抖音视频 URL。")
return match.group("aweme_id")
def build_video_page_url(aweme_id: str) -> str:
return f"https://www.douyin.com/video/{aweme_id}"
def parse_target_input(value: str, source: str) -> ResolvedTarget:
normalized = value.strip()
if is_recommendation_url(normalized):
return ResolvedTarget(kind="recommendation", value=normalized, source=source)
if is_creator_url(normalized):
return ResolvedTarget(kind="creator", value=normalized, source=source)
if is_video_url(normalized):
return ResolvedTarget(
kind="single-video",
value=normalized,
source=source,
aweme_id=extract_aweme_id_from_video_url(normalized),
)
if is_aweme_id(normalized):
return ResolvedTarget(
kind="single-video",
value=normalized,
source=source,
aweme_id=normalized,
)
raise ValueError(f"不支持的目标: {value}")
def get_active_page_url(page: Any) -> str:
return str(getattr(page, "url", "") or "").strip()
def resolve_target(page: Any, cli_target: str | None) -> ResolvedTarget:
if cli_target:
try:
return parse_target_input(cli_target, source="manual")
except ValueError as exc:
raise RuntimeError(str(exc)) from exc
current_url = get_active_page_url(page)
try:
return parse_target_input(current_url, source="current-page")
except ValueError as exc:
raise RuntimeError(
"当前页面不是受支持的抖音博主页或单视频页,请切到目标页面后重试,或手动传入链接或 `aweme_id`。"
) from exc
def resolve_cli_target(cli_target: str | None, browser_port: int | None) -> ResolvedTarget:
if cli_target:
return parse_target_input(cli_target, source="manual")
_, chromium_page_cls, chromium_options_cls = import_runtime_dependencies()
if browser_port is not None:
ensure_browser_debug_port_ready(browser_port)
page = create_page(chromium_page_cls, chromium_options_cls, browser_port)
return resolve_target(page=page, cli_target=None)
def choose_video_url(url_list: list[str]) -> str:
for url in url_list:
if "douyinvod.com" in url:
return url
if url_list:
return url_list[0]
raise ValueError("url_list 为空,无法选择视频地址。")
def build_output_path(title: str, video_id: str, output_dir: Path = Path("video")) -> Path:
safe_title = sanitize_filename(title, fallback="untitled")
return output_dir / f"{safe_title}-{video_id}.mp4"
def build_browser_address(browser_port: int | None) -> str | None:
if browser_port is None:
return None
return f"127.0.0.1:{browser_port}"
def ensure_browser_debug_port_ready(browser_port: int) -> None:
try:
with socket.create_connection(("127.0.0.1", browser_port), timeout=2):
return
except OSError as exc:
raise RuntimeError(
"无法连接到已启动的 Chrome 调试端口。"
f"请先运行 `./.venv/bin/python login_douyin.py --browser-port {browser_port}`"
"并确认 Chrome 仍在运行且端口一致。"
) from exc
def extract_aweme_payload(response: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
body = getattr(response, "body", None)
if isinstance(body, dict):
return body
raw_body = getattr(response, "raw_body", None)
if isinstance(raw_body, str) and raw_body.strip():
payload = json.loads(raw_body)
if isinstance(payload, dict):
return payload
raise ValueError("响应体不是可解析的 JSON 字典。")
def parse_aweme_items(body: Any) -> list[dict[str, str]]:
if not isinstance(body, dict):
raise ValueError("接口响应不是字典,无法解析。")
aweme_list = body.get("aweme_list")
if not isinstance(aweme_list, list):
raise ValueError("接口响应中缺少 aweme_list。")
items: list[dict[str, str]] = []
for aweme in aweme_list:
if not isinstance(aweme, dict):
continue
video = aweme.get("video") or {}
play_addr = video.get("play_addr") or {}
url_list = play_addr.get("url_list") or []
if not url_list:
continue
video_id = str(aweme.get("aweme_id") or "").strip()
if not video_id:
continue
title = str(aweme.get("desc") or "").strip() or "untitled"
author = aweme.get("author") or {}
author_name = str(author.get("nickname") or "").strip() or "unknown"
author_id = str(author.get("uid") or "").strip() or "unknown"
items.append(
{
"title": title,
"video_id": video_id,
"video_url": choose_video_url([str(url) for url in url_list]),
"author_name": author_name,
"author_id": author_id,
}
)
return items
def parse_single_aweme_item(body: Any) -> dict[str, str]:
if not isinstance(body, dict):
raise ValueError("接口响应不是字典,无法解析。")
if isinstance(body.get("aweme_detail"), dict):
items = parse_aweme_items({"aweme_list": [body["aweme_detail"]]})
if items:
return items[0]
items = parse_aweme_items(body)
if items:
return items[0]
raise ValueError("接口响应中缺少可下载的单视频数据。")
def build_headers(referer: str) -> dict[str, str]:
return {
"referer": referer,
"user-agent": (
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) "
"AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) "
"Chrome/135.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"
),
}
def import_runtime_dependencies() -> tuple[Any, Any, Any]:
try:
import requests
except ModuleNotFoundError as exc:
raise SystemExit(
"缺少 requests请先执行: python3 -m pip install requests"
) from exc
try:
from DrissionPage import ChromiumPage
from DrissionPage import ChromiumOptions
except ModuleNotFoundError as exc:
raise SystemExit(
"缺少 DrissionPage请先执行: python3 -m pip install DrissionPage"
) from exc
return requests, ChromiumPage, ChromiumOptions
def create_page(chromium_page_cls: Any, chromium_options_cls: Any, browser_port: int | None) -> Any:
browser_address = build_browser_address(browser_port)
if browser_address is None:
return chromium_page_cls()
options = chromium_options_cls().set_address(browser_address).existing_only(True)
return chromium_page_cls(options)
def wait_for_aweme_packet(page: Any, timeout: int) -> Any | None:
try:
return page.listen.wait(timeout=timeout)
except Exception as exc:
print(f"[WARN] 等待接口数据超时或失败: {exc}")
return None
def scroll_to_next_page(page: Any) -> None:
page.run_js("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight);")
time.sleep(2)
def download_video(
requests_module: Any,
headers: dict[str, str],
video_url: str,
output_path: Path,
) -> None:
response = requests_module.get(video_url, headers=headers, timeout=60)
response.raise_for_status()
output_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
output_path.write_bytes(response.content)
def collect_videos(
user_url: str,
max_pages: int,
timeout: int,
output_dir: Path,
browser_port: int | None,
auto_scroll: bool = False,
) -> int:
requests_module, chromium_page_cls, chromium_options_cls = import_runtime_dependencies()
headers = build_headers(user_url)
if browser_port is not None:
ensure_browser_debug_port_ready(browser_port)
page = create_page(chromium_page_cls, chromium_options_cls, browser_port)
page.listen.start(LISTEN_TARGET)
print("[INFO] 正在打开抖音主页。若出现登录或验证码,请先在浏览器窗口里完成。")
page.get(user_url)
time.sleep(3)
downloaded = 0
seen_ids: set[str] = set()
for page_number in range(1, max_pages + 1):
print(f"[INFO] 正在处理第 {page_number}")
packet = wait_for_aweme_packet(page, timeout=timeout)
if packet is None:
if auto_scroll:
scroll_to_next_page(page)
continue
raise RuntimeError("当前页面未加载出可用作品数据,请先在浏览器中完成页面加载后重试。")
try:
payload = extract_aweme_payload(packet.response)
items = parse_aweme_items(payload)
except Exception as exc:
print(f"[WARN] 解析接口数据失败: {exc}")
if auto_scroll:
scroll_to_next_page(page)
continue
raise RuntimeError("当前页面未加载出可用作品数据,请先在浏览器中完成页面加载后重试。") from exc
if not items:
if auto_scroll:
print("[WARN] 这一页没有解析到视频。")
else:
raise RuntimeError("当前页面未加载出可用作品数据,请先在浏览器中完成页面加载后重试。")
for item in items:
if item["video_id"] in seen_ids:
continue
seen_ids.add(item["video_id"])
output_path = build_output_path(
title=item["title"],
video_id=item["video_id"],
output_dir=output_dir,
)
try:
download_video(
requests_module=requests_module,
headers=headers,
video_url=item["video_url"],
output_path=output_path,
)
except Exception as exc:
print(f"[WARN] 下载失败 {item['video_id']}: {exc}")
continue
downloaded += 1
print(f"[OK] 已保存: {output_path}")
if auto_scroll:
scroll_to_next_page(page)
continue
break
return downloaded
def collect_single_video(
target: ResolvedTarget,
timeout: int,
output_dir: Path,
browser_port: int | None,
) -> int:
requests_module, chromium_page_cls, chromium_options_cls = import_runtime_dependencies()
if browser_port is not None:
ensure_browser_debug_port_ready(browser_port)
page = create_page(chromium_page_cls, chromium_options_cls, browser_port)
page_url = target.value
if target.aweme_id is not None and not is_video_url(page_url):
page_url = build_video_page_url(target.aweme_id)
headers = build_headers(page_url)
page.listen.start(SINGLE_VIDEO_LISTEN_TARGET)
print("[INFO] 正在打开抖音视频页。若出现登录或验证码,请先在浏览器窗口里完成。")
page.get(page_url)
time.sleep(3)
packet = wait_for_aweme_packet(page, timeout=timeout)
if packet is None:
raise RuntimeError("当前视频页面未加载出可用视频数据,请先在浏览器中完成页面加载后重试。")
try:
payload = extract_aweme_payload(packet.response)
item = parse_single_aweme_item(payload)
except Exception as exc:
raise RuntimeError("当前视频页面未加载出可用视频数据,请先在浏览器中完成页面加载后重试。") from exc
output_path = build_output_path(
title=item["title"],
video_id=item["video_id"],
output_dir=output_dir,
)
download_video(
requests_module=requests_module,
headers=headers,
video_url=item["video_url"],
output_path=output_path,
)
print(f"[OK] 已保存: {output_path}")
return 1
def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="附着抖音登录浏览器并下载当前页面或指定目标的视频")
parser.add_argument(
"target",
nargs="?",
default=None,
help="可选:博主主页 URL、单视频 URL 或 aweme_id不传则读取当前浏览器页面",
)
parser.add_argument("--pages", type=int, default=1, help="创作者抓取最多处理多少页;默认 1")
parser.add_argument("--timeout", type=int, default=10, help="单次等待接口响应秒数,默认 10")
parser.add_argument(
"--output-dir",
default="video",
help="视频输出目录,默认 video",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--browser-port",
type=int,
default=DEFAULT_BROWSER_PORT,
help="附着到已启动 Chrome 的调试端口,默认 9223",
)
return parser
def main(argv: list[str] | None = None) -> int:
parser = build_parser()
args = parser.parse_args(argv)
if args.pages <= 0:
parser.error("--pages 必须大于 0")
if args.timeout <= 0:
parser.error("--timeout 必须大于 0")
if args.browser_port is not None and args.browser_port <= 0:
parser.error("--browser-port 必须大于 0")
try:
target = resolve_cli_target(args.target, browser_port=args.browser_port)
if target.kind == "creator":
total = collect_videos(
user_url=target.value,
max_pages=args.pages,
timeout=args.timeout,
output_dir=Path(args.output_dir),
browser_port=args.browser_port,
auto_scroll=args.pages > 1,
)
elif target.kind == "single-video":
total = collect_single_video(
target=target,
timeout=args.timeout,
output_dir=Path(args.output_dir),
browser_port=args.browser_port,
)
else:
raise RuntimeError(f"不支持的目标类型: {target.kind}")
except RuntimeError as exc:
print(f"[ERROR] {exc}")
return 1
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("\n[INFO] 用户中断。")
return 130
print(f"[INFO] 处理结束,共下载 {total} 个视频。")
return 0
if __name__ == "__main__":
sys.exit(main())